To address issues such as data interoperability and efficient collaboration across the education system, a comprehensive framework for the Standards System for Educational Big Data has been developed. This system aims to expand the dimensions and types of educational data that can be captured across diverse teaching models. By establishing standardized educational data models, it breaks down barriers to data exchange among platforms, promotes data co-construction and sharing, and provides both a structural reference and content specifications to support the standardized development and effective use of educational big data in China.

The Standards System for Educational Big Data comprises eight core components:

• Foundational Standards

• Educational Resource Standards

• Educational Entity Standards

• Educational Behavior Standards

• Educational Technology Standards

• Educational Management Standards

• Educational Application Standards

• Educational Data Security Standards

In response to the unstructured, distributed, heterogeneous, and decentralized nature of educational big data—and guided by learning sciences and educational theory—a series of standards has been formulated to build a unified system. These standards span key domains, including foundational data, resource data, entity data, behavioral data, enabling technologies, management, applications, and data security.